Abstract
Introduction: Various modalities have been tried for the management of postoperative pain. Clonidine is an alpha-2 receptor agonist. Dexmedetomidine is a super selective alpha–2 agonist made up of medetomidine’s dextrogyrous enatiomer. They produce analgesia with haemodynamic changes and minimum side effects.
Methods: A clinical study of 70 cases of ASA grade 1 & 2 between the age group 25-65yrs undergoing abdominal, obstetrical, gynaecological and orthopaedic surgeries under epidural anaesthesia. . At the end of surgery patients were allocated to receive either of Group – C Clonidine 2 g /kg with 5 ml of Normal saline. (No = 35) or Group – D Dexmeditomidine 1g /kg with 5 ml of Normal saline. (No = 35). Cardio-respiratory effects like Pulse rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate and side effects like nausea, vomiting, pruritus, hypotension, sedation, respiratory depression were studied. Continuous data was analyzed by student’s “t”-test and categorical data by Chi-square test and possible significance has been determined considering it statistically significant if it’s P < 0.05 level of significance. Results: In comparison of Group C and Group D , by highly significant difference in systolic blood pressure was seen from 0 min till 6 hrs in both the groups. Diastolic blood pressure was seen from 0 min till 6hrs and the difference was found to be statistically highly significant. Highly significant difference in pulse rate was seen from 15 min till 120 min in both the groups. Highly significant difference in respiratory rate was seen from 0 min till 6 hrs in both groups. It is observed that the incidence of nausea vomiting was comparable in both groups (5.71% in Group C as compared to 2.85% in Group D). 3 patients in Group C out of 35 had shivering (8.57%) while no shivering was observed in Group D. Conclusion: In our study, post operative arterial pressure and heart rate were slightly lower in both clonidine and dexmedetomidine group but the onset of fall and duration was longer in dexmedetomidine group. Although the incidence of nausea and vomiting were less in dexmedetomidine groups, the difference was not statistically significant between both groups. 2016040214,HAEMODYNAMIC CHANGES AND SIDE EFFECTS WHEN CLONIDINE AND DEXMEDETOMIDINE ADDED AS AN ADJUVANT TO BUPIVACAINE…pdf.