Abstract
Swietenia macrophylla King – a valuable tropical timber species produce seeds in small quantity with annual variations. Despite of approximately 126-210 flowers per inflorescence, only one to two fruits develop generally. The reasons are not known. We, therefore, had undertaken a detailed study on the structure and development of flowers and fruits and pollination mechanism for the first time. Results showed that mahogany is monoecious with unisexual flowers borne on the same inflorescence in the ratio of 2 male: 1 female. The period between floral initiation and fruit maturity was 8½ months. Flower drop, heavy immature fruit fall within a fortnight after fertilization and the insect, Hypsipyla robusta infestation during early stages of development are the main causes for low seed production in mahogany
Category Archives: Life Science
UPTAKE AND ACCUMULATIONS OF CADMIUM AND NUTRIENT CONTENTS OF GREEN GRAM UNDER CADMIUM TOXICITY
Abstract
In the pot culture experiment, green gram (Vigna radiata L.) plants were grown up to 45 days, in experimental soil amended with various levels of cadmium (viz, 10, 25, 50, 75 & 100 mg kg1). The inner surface of pots was lined with a polythene sheet. Each pot contained 3kg of air dried soil. Six seeds were sown in each pot. All pots were watered to field capacity daily. Plants were thinned to a maximum of two per pot, after a week of germination. Control plants were maintained separately. Showed this experiments cadmium at all levels (10-100 mg kg-1) tested, decreased the macro (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and micro (copper, iron, manganese and zinc) nutrient contents of treated plants compared to untreated plants. Cadmium content of the green gram plants increased with an increase of cadmium level in the soil.
A13 UPTAKE AND ACCUMULATIONS OF CADMIUM AND NUTRIENT CONTENTS pdf
BIOTECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY
Abstract
India has over 45,000 wild species of plants and 77,000 wild species of animals recorded and these Comprises of about 6.5% of the world’s known wild life. India’s biological heritage is impressive not only in its dynamic diversity, but also in its uniqueness. And biodiversity considering different values like Environmental value, productive value, Ethical an aesthetic values. These values are helpful to human and animal conception and requires major source of food, medicine, horticultural and ornamental uses, timber, fiber, dyes and other chemical, fuel uses. This need not be surprising considering the fact that in the last few decades. And India has lost at least 50% of its forests. In addition overexploitation, hunting of natural sources, is poisoning by pesticides, excessive botanical and zoological collection, displacements by exotics causing biodiversity loss. In this point of view Biotechnology can play an important role in culturing and conserving biodiversity. The taxonomic systems based on DNA and RNA sequence data is main basis for biodiversity characterization and assessment. It has working big tool for identification of desirable and elite genes located up in wild relatives of domesticated macrobes and microbes. They have further made possible to domesticated taxa to produce transgenic that have increased agricultural biodiversity performance, quantity, productivity, Ecosystem management and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses of all kinds. In this point of view the current study reveals biotechnology is a tool for conserving biodiversity and Ecosystem balance, improving rare species percentage.
A12 CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY pdf
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF LEAF EXTRACT OF Mimosa pudica L.
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the Mimosa pudica leaves for phytochemical compounds and GC-MS analysis. The presence of phytochemical compounds was screened by qualitative methods. The analysis of fractions by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry coupled system (GC-MS). The structure of 52 compounds was proposed. Analyzed Mimosa pudica species showed the presence of 1, 3, 5 cycloheptatriene – 4-pentenal, 2-methyl, 1-propene, 1-Butanol, 3-methyl-acetate, vanillin tyrosine, Acetic acid, Cyclopentanol, Phytol etc. other major and minor constituents were also present.
REPELLENCY OF THREE EXTRACT OF THREE INDIGENOUS PLANTS AGAINST ADULTS OF Tribolium castaneum HERBST (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE)
Abstract
The present investigation was aimed to assess the impact of crude extracts of certain plants such as Ocimum sanctum, Cardiospermum halicacabum, Mentha longifolia was tested for their repellant activity against Tribolium castaneum in the laboratory condition. Among the extracts tested the ethanol extracts showed remarkable repellent activities than hexane and ethyl acetate at 200µg/ml. The finding of the present study indicates that the possible role of utilization of plant and plant associated products to control the coleopteran beetle T. castaneum as an alternate strategy to the chemical pesticides.
A11INDIGENOUS PLANTS AGAINST ADULTS
EFFECT OF CaCl2 ON GROWTH AND COMPATIBLE SOLUTES OF Zea mays UNDER NaCl STRESS
Abstract
In the present work an attempt was made to reclamation the sodium chloride stressed plant with calcium chloride. For this work, Zea mays var. – co – 24 was cultivated in control, NaCl alone, and in combined salt (NaCl + CaCl2). From the present study it is observed that Zea mays could survive up to 40mM NaCl alone and combined salt (40mM NaCl +5mM CaCl2); However, the favorable growth responses were confined to combined salt (10mM NaCl +5mM CaCl2). NaCl treatment decreased the growth parameters such as percentage of seed germination, shoot and root length, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem and root of Zea mays as compared with control plants. However the supplemental calcium chloride increase the growth parameter as compared to plants stressed with NaCl.
A3Effect of CaCl2 on growth
IMPACT OF TANNERY EFFLUENT ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF Brasssica juncea
Abstract
The tannery effluent is a mixture of biogenic matter of hides and a large variety of organic and inorganic chemicals. It usually contains high concentration of toxic metals like copper, chromium, zinc, cadmium, nickel and chemicals like aliphatic sulfonates and cyanides. The use of plants for bioremediation is called as phytoremediation. It involves the use of green plants to decontaminate soil, water and air. It is a cost effective process and the end products are nonhazardous. In the present study a hyper accumulating plant Brassica juncea was grown in different concentrations of effluent and their biochemical parameters carotenoid, chlorophyll, chromium, nickel and zinc were analyzed in leaves, stem and seeds. The results show that the heavy metal contents were higher in stem compared to leaves indicating the transports of these are high in stem. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of plants treated with 25 per cent effluent was higher compared to 50 per cent effluent treated plants. Higher the dilution lesser the harmful effect of effluent on the plants.
ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS USED BY IRULAR TRIBES IN JAVADHU HILLS OF SOUTHERN EASTERN GHATS, TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Tribal medicine is considered as mother of indigenous systems of ethnomedicine. In the present study ethnomedicinal plant survey was carried out among Irular Tribes who settled in Javadhu hills, which is located in Southern Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu. About 30 species of ethnoherbal medicinal plants belonging to 13 families were reported in the present study. The survey indicates that many number of ethnomedicinal plants were traditionally used by the Irular tribes of Javadhu hill for the treatment of various diseases.
Codon usage pattern of mastrevirus and begomovirus in the family, Geminiviridae
The viruses in the family, Geminiviridae are the most devastating pathogen infecting plants. Among the seven genera within the family Geminiviridae, Mastrevirus and Begomovirus are primarily the most destructive. However, their codon usage analysis is not examined and hence its role in geminivirus host range evolution remains unrevealed. In this study, a detailed comparative analysis was performed using species of Maize streak virus (MSV) and Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV). Our results suggest the possible interaction of mutational pressure and natural selection. Correspondence analyses indicate that the evolution of MSV and ToLCV is independent of their geographical location. Hence, we emphasize the role of codon usage pattern of these viruses in their evolution.
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Effect of aluminum and lead on the germination and growth of Vigna ungiculata (L.) Walp.
The present study deals with the effect of metal toxicity (aluminum, lead and combination of both the metals) on seed germination, root length, shoot length, seedling length and dry biomass of Vigna ungiculata (L.) Walp. Lead adversely affected the seedling by significantly reducing the growth whereas aluminum did not show such effect in the species. Percentage of germination was good in the species at different concentration of treatment (aluminum, lead and combined treatment). Shoot length was also not much affected in Vigna ungiculata (L.) Walp. The species showed the purpling of stem. Dry biomass of Vigna ungiculata (L.) Walp. However, dry biomass decreased to a lesser extent when treated with aluminum, lead and combined treatment as compared to control.
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