Abstract
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals in water and in sediment of Uppanar estuary, located at Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India. The water and sediment samples were collected periodically from estuary during post monsoon, summer, pre monsoon and monsoon seasons from three different stations viz; station 1, station 2 and station 3. The samples were analyzed for the levels of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) by using standard methods. A significant seasonal variation (P< 0.05) was observed in the levels of all heavy metals in three stations. In water, heavy metals level was found to be in the order of Zn> Cu > Pb> Cd >Ni, whereas in sediments it was found to be in the order of Zn> Cu> Cd> Pb> Ni. The present results clearly indicated that the levels of Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb were exceeded the prescribed limits of WHO and also showed that both the samples were contaminated with heavy metals. The maximum levels of heavy metals in both the samples were noticed in S2 followed by S3 and S1. The elevated concentration of metals in this region may be due to location of this station nearer to the SIPCOT industries, where mixing of industrial effluents with estuary followed by river runoff, which contribute much of industrial and land derived materials along with domestic, municipal, and agricultural wastes loaded with pesticides. In addition to the continuous contribution of pollutants due to human activities, industries may also have a significant contribution of these metals in all the stations. Hence, it is recommended that, possible measures should be taken to minimize the levels of heavy metals in this study area.

2016040224,SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF HEAVY METALS IN WATER AND SEDIMENTS OF UPPANAR ESTUARY, SOUTHEAST COAST OF INDIA pdf.

Abstract
An efficient system for propagation of Dendrobium densiflorum Wall. a medicinally important orchid, through in vitro symbiotic seed germination has been established. Mature seeds from 8months old green pods of Dendrobium densiflorum were inoculated on different culture media viz., Murashige and Skoog (MS), Nitsch and Nitsch (NN), Gamborg et al. (B5) and Knudson C (KC) without phytohorrmone supplementation. MS medium proved to be the best as about 94% of the seeds gave complete plantlets with well-developed roots and shoots within 90 days. About 7 months-old plantlets hardened in a compost mixture comprising brick, charcoal, decaying litter in a ratio of 1:1:1 and a layer of moss on top showed survival percentage of 71.

201604027 CONSERVATIONAND MASS PRODUCTION OF DENDROBIUM DENSIFLORUM WALL–IN VITRO pdf

Abstract
The present study deal with identification of rare, endanger and threatened plants in India, In this investigation more than 500 rare, endangered and threatened plant species belongs to more than 50 families were identified and documented. Names of plants and RET category was gathered from IUCN annual reports and standard research articles. Finally it has been suggested that the RET medicinal plants are need to be proper conservation and management plans before it lost for ever.

201604029 CONSERVATION OF SOME ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANTS IN INDIA – A REVIEW pdf

Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to review recent advances in plant drug research and developments in orchid study, in an attempt to provide useful references for plant drug studies. Plants have been used as medicine for millennia. Out of estimated 250 000 to 350 000plant species identified so far, about 35 000 are used worldwide for medicinal purposes. It has been confirmed by WHO that herbal medicines serve the health needs of about 80 percent of the world’s population; especially for millions of people in the vast rural areas of developing countries. Meanwhile, consumers in developed countries are becoming disillusioned with modern healthcare and are seeking alternatives. The recent resurgence of plant remedies results from several factors: 1) the effectiveness of plant medicines; 2) the side effect of most modern drugs; and 3) the development of science and technology. It has been estimated that in the mid-1990s over 200companies and research organizations worldwide are screening plant and animal compounds for medicinal properties. Actually, several important drugs used in modern medicine have come from medicinal plant studies, eg, vinblastine, As for drugs derived from orchids, some novel discoveries, both in phytochemical and pharmacological properties, were reported by some universities. However, studies on plants are very limited. Only about a third of the million or so species of higher plants have been identified and named by scientists. Of those named, only a tiny fraction has been studied. Nowadays the linking of the indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants to modern research activities provides a new approach, which makes the rate of discovery of drugs much more effective than with random collection.

201604028 STUDIES ON SOME IMPORTANTMEDICINAL PLANTS AND THEIR USES – A REVIEW pdf

Abstract
Plant extracts are a cost effective, ecologically friendly, and efficient alternative for the large scale synthesis of nanoparticles. In the present study, calophyllum inophyllum. Leaf extract was used for silver nanoparticles synthesis by the reduction of silver ions. A change in colour to dark brown indicated the formation of silver nanoparticles. The formed silver nanoparticles were further characterized by UV spectral analysis, FTIR and scanning electron Microscopy (SEM) . UV analysis gave a prominent peak at which is characteristic to the silver nanoparticles. FTIR analysis revealed the compounds responsible for the formation of nanoparticles. SEM studies indicated that the formed particles were spherical in shape and most of the particles were within the range 70 to 100 nm. The antimicrobial property of the particles was also tested.

201604026 ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANO PARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY USING LEAF EXTRACT

Abstract
Protease have a characteristic of biotechnological interest and have become industrial enzyme. The present study was undertaken to isolate and characterize the protease producing Bascillus subtilis bacteria from gut of fresh water fish Puntius ticto. Gelatin was used as the substrate in nutrient agar medium for screening and showed the maximum zone of activity (21mm) after overnight incubation and addition of the indicator in .The bacterial isolate were identified on the basis of characterized by morphological and biochemical studies. The extracellular protease production was enhanced by optimizing the culture condition. The effect of different production parameter such as temperature of 30̊ C, pH -8.0, incubation time 36 hrs, 1% starch and 1% yeast extract were optimized for maximum yield of protease enzyme.

201604025 ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF PROTEOLYTIC BACTERIA FROM FRESH WATER

Abstract
Ethnobotany is a study of plants which are used for various ailments and as edibles of the wild. The river Cauvery has its own basin with a notable plant and animal biodiversity. In our study it was found that almost 20 plants are frequently used for human diseases. It was also noted that leaves, fruits, seeds, roots, barks and latex are used for the cure of various ailments. Though our study it was concluded that a huge range of medicinal plants were found in cauvery river delta and it can be used for various human ailments.

201604023 Ethno botanical studies on Cauvery delta region of Kumbakonam

Abstract
There has been a widespread world-wide use of flathead mullet, Mugil cephalus, in fish bio monitor studies within the coastal zone. In the present study accumulation of heavy metal Zn, Cd, Hg and Pb in muscle sample of fish Mugil cephalus was estimated in southeast coastal region of Nagapattinam, Karaikal and Tharangambadi, East coast of India. The results revealed that there is elevated level in the metals in muscle of the Mullet and it was found to be Zn> Cd> Hg> Pb. Among the study areas Karaikal costal showed higher accumulation of metals then the Nagapattinam and Tharangambadi. Current investigation concluded that there is heavy metal pollution. Also Fin fish Mugil cephalus can be consider as a good indicator species.

201604022 Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals on Fin-Fish Mugil cephalus from Nagapattinam

Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the growth performance and productivity of three different seaweeds such as (Gracillaria, Sargassum, Enteromorpha) and growth and survival of Peneaus monodon. These three species of seaweeds were cultured in a tiger shrimp pond at density of 2 kg/m3. Density of tiger shrimp was 20 juvenile /m3. This experiment needs conducted in 28 days. Growth parameters were observed after 28 days of the experiments. The shrimp productivity was evaluated from the rate of shrimp survival, final individual size, growth and biomass production. Seaweeds biomass production was also observed. Collected data was analyzed using one way ANOVA, Results obtained from the present study indicates that seaweeds tend to increase shrimp productivity, it was observed by higher survival, individual size, and growth rate and shrimp biomass production. Gracillaria in increasing shrimp Gracillaria showed more productivity compared to Sargassum and Enteromorpha. It is recommended to use Gracillaria modal in integrated with tiger shrimp.

201604021 .Studies on the Role of Marine Algae Gracillaria, Sargassum and Enteromorpha on Growth Performance